sqlite> .help
.archive ...             Manage SQL archives
.auth ON|OFF             Show authorizer callbacks
.backup ?DB? FILE        Backup DB (default "main") to FILE
.bail on|off             Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF
.binary on|off           Turn binary output on or off.  Default OFF
.cd DIRECTORY            Change the working directory to DIRECTORY
.changes on|off          Show number of rows changed by SQL
.check GLOB              Fail if output since .testcase does not match
.clone NEWDB             Clone data into NEWDB from the existing database
.databases               List names and files of attached databases
.dbconfig ?op? ?val?     List or change sqlite3_db_config() options
.dbinfo ?DB?             Show status information about the database
.dump ?TABLE? ...        Render all database content as SQL
.echo on|off             Turn command echo on or off
.eqp on|off|full|...     Enable or disable automatic EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
.excel                   Display the output of next command in a spreadsheet
.exit ?CODE?             Exit this program with return-code CODE
.expert                  EXPERIMENTAL. Suggest indexes for specified queries
.fullschema ?--indent?   Show schema and the content of sqlite_stat tables
.headers on|off          Turn display of headers on or off
.help ?-all? ?PATTERN?   Show help text for PATTERN
.import FILE TABLE       Import data from FILE into TABLE
.imposter INDEX TABLE    Create imposter table TABLE on index INDEX
.indexes ?TABLE?         Show names of indexes
.iotrace FILE            Enable I/O diagnostic logging to FILE
.limit ?LIMIT? ?VAL?     Display or change the value of an SQLITE_LIMIT
.lint OPTIONS            Report potential schema issues.
.load FILE ?ENTRY?       Load an extension library
.log FILE|off            Turn logging on or off.  FILE can be stderr/stdout
.mode MODE ?TABLE?       Set output mode
.nullvalue STRING        Use STRING in place of NULL values
.once (-e|-x|FILE)       Output for the next SQL command only to FILE
.open ?OPTIONS? ?FILE?   Close existing database and reopen FILE
.output ?FILE?           Send output to FILE or stdout if FILE is omitted
.parameter CMD ...       Manage SQL parameter bindings
.print STRING...         Print literal STRING
.progress N              Invoke progress handler after every N opcodes
.prompt MAIN CONTINUE    Replace the standard prompts
.quit                    Exit this program
.read FILE               Read input from FILE
.restore ?DB? FILE       Restore content of DB (default "main") from FILE
.save FILE               Write in-memory database into FILE
.scanstats on|off        Turn sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() metrics on or off
.schema ?PATTERN?        Show the CREATE statements matching PATTERN
.selftest ?OPTIONS?      Run tests defined in the SELFTEST table
.separator COL ?ROW?     Change the column and row separators
.session ?NAME? CMD ...  Create or control sessions
.sha3sum ...             Compute a SHA3 hash of database content
.shell CMD ARGS...       Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell
.show                    Show the current values for various settings
.stats ?on|off?          Show stats or turn stats on or off
.system CMD ARGS...      Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell
.tables ?TABLE?          List names of tables matching LIKE pattern TABLE
.testcase NAME           Begin redirecting output to 'testcase-out.txt'
.timeout MS              Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
.timer on|off            Turn SQL timer on or off
.trace ?OPTIONS?         Output each SQL statement as it is run
.vfsinfo ?AUX?           Information about the top-level VFS
.vfslist                 List all available VFSes
.vfsname ?AUX?           Print the name of the VFS stack
.width NUM1 NUM2 ...     Set column widths for "column" mode
sqlite>

// sqlite3_sample.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "sqlite3.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;



#if _MSC_VER >= 1600
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#endif


int print_record(void *params, int n_column, char **column_value, char **column_name);

//UTF-8转Unicode 
std::wstring Utf82Unicode(const std::string& utf8string)
{
	int widesize = ::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, utf8string.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);
	if (widesize == ERROR_NO_UNICODE_TRANSLATION)
	{
		throw std::exception("Invalid UTF-8 sequence.");
	}
	if (widesize == 0)
	{
		throw std::exception("Error in conversion.");
	}
	std::vector<wchar_t> resultstring(widesize);
	int convresult = ::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, utf8string.c_str(), -1, &resultstring[0], widesize);
	if (convresult != widesize)
	{
		throw std::exception("La falla!");
	}
	return std::wstring(&resultstring[0]);
}
//unicode 转为 ascii 
string WideByte2Acsi(wstring& wstrcode)
{
	int asciisize = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP, 0, wstrcode.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	if (asciisize == ERROR_NO_UNICODE_TRANSLATION)
	{
		throw std::exception("Invalid UTF-8 sequence.");
	}
	if (asciisize == 0)
	{
		throw std::exception("Error in conversion.");
	}
	std::vector<char> resultstring(asciisize);
	int convresult = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP, 0, wstrcode.c_str(), -1, &resultstring[0], asciisize, NULL, NULL);
	if (convresult != asciisize)
	{
		throw std::exception("La falla!");
	}
	return std::string(&resultstring[0]);
}
//utf-8 转 ascii 
string UTF_82ASCII(string& strUtf8Code)
{
	string strRet("");
	//先把 utf8 转为 unicode 
	wstring wstr = Utf82Unicode(strUtf8Code);
	//最后把 unicode 转为 ascii 
	strRet = WideByte2Acsi(wstr);
	return strRet;
}


//ascii 转 Unicode 
wstring Acsi2WideByte(string& strascii)
{
	int widesize = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, (char*)strascii.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);
	if (widesize == ERROR_NO_UNICODE_TRANSLATION)
	{
		throw std::exception("Invalid UTF-8 sequence.");
	}
	if (widesize == 0)
	{
		throw std::exception("Error in conversion.");
	}
	std::vector<wchar_t> resultstring(widesize);
	int convresult = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, (char*)strascii.c_str(), -1, &resultstring[0], widesize);
	if (convresult != widesize)
	{
		throw std::exception("La falla!");
	}
	return std::wstring(&resultstring[0]);
}
//Unicode 转 Utf8 
std::string Unicode2Utf8(const std::wstring& widestring)
{
	int utf8size = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, widestring.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	if (utf8size == 0)
	{
		throw std::exception("Error in conversion.");
	}
	std::vector<char> resultstring(utf8size);
	int convresult = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, widestring.c_str(), -1, &resultstring[0], utf8size, NULL, NULL);
	if (convresult != utf8size)
	{
		throw std::exception("La falla!");
	}
	return std::string(&resultstring[0]);
}

//ascii 转 Utf8 
string ASCII2UTF_8(string& strAsciiCode)
{
	string strRet("");
	//先把 ascii 转为 unicode 
	wstring wstr = Acsi2WideByte(strAsciiCode);
	//最后把 unicode 转为 utf8 
	strRet = Unicode2Utf8(wstr);
	return strRet;
}

// 注释：多字节包括GBK和UTF-8
int GBK2UTF8(char *szGbk, char *szUtf8, int Len)
{
	// 先将多字节GBK（CP_ACP或ANSI）转换成宽字符UTF-16
	// 得到转换后，所需要的内存字符数
	int n = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, szGbk, -1, NULL, 0);
	// 字符数乘以 sizeof(WCHAR) 得到字节数
	WCHAR *str1 = new WCHAR[sizeof(WCHAR) * n];
	// 转换
	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,  // MultiByte的代码页Code Page
		0,            //附加标志，与音标有关
		szGbk,        // 输入的GBK字符串
		-1,           // 输入字符串长度，-1表示由函数内部计算
		str1,         // 输出
		n             // 输出所需分配的内存
		);

	// 再将宽字符（UTF-16）转换多字节（UTF-8）
	n = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, str1, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	if (n > Len)
	{
		delete[]str1;
		return -1;
	}
	WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, str1, -1, szUtf8, n, NULL, NULL);
	delete[]str1;
	str1 = NULL;

	return 0;
}


//UTF-8 GBK
int UTF82GBK(char *szUtf8, char *szGbk, int Len)
{
	int n = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, szUtf8, -1, NULL, 0);
	WCHAR * wszGBK = new WCHAR[sizeof(WCHAR) * n];
	memset(wszGBK, 0, sizeof(WCHAR) * n);
	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, szUtf8, -1, wszGBK, n);

	n = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wszGBK, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	if (n > Len)
	{
		delete[]wszGBK;
		return -1;
	}

	WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wszGBK, -1, szGbk, n, NULL, NULL);

	delete[]wszGBK;
	wszGBK = NULL;

	return 0;

}



int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	sqlite3 *db = NULL;
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt = NULL;
	int ret;
	char **dbresult;
	int nrow, ncolumn, index;
	char *errmsg = NULL;
	const char *database_name = "./sqlite3-demo.db";
	const char *sql_drop_table = "drop table if exists student";
	const char *sql_create_table = "create table student(id int primary key,name varchar(128))";
	


	// create or open database
	ret = sqlite3_open(database_name, &db);
	if (ret != SQLITE_OK){
		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open database '%s'\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
		return -1;
	}

	printf("Open database '%s' success\n", database_name);

	// create or drop table
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_drop_table, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	if (ret != SQLITE_OK){
		fprintf(stderr, "drop table '%s' failure: %s\n", "student", errmsg);
	}
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_create_table, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	if (ret != SQLITE_OK){
		fprintf(stderr, "create table '%s' failure: %s\n", "student", errmsg);
		return -1;
	}


	//insert data
	char *sql_str1 = "INSERT INTO student(id, name) VALUES(1001, 'Ady Liu');";
	char *sql_str2 = "INSERT INTO student(id, name) VALUES(1002, 'ivan');";
	char *sql_str3 = "INSERT INTO student(id, name) VALUES(1003, '刘德华');";
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_str1, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	printf("Insert a record %s\n", ret == SQLITE_OK ? "OK" : "FAIL");
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_str2, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	printf("Insert a record %s\n", ret == SQLITE_OK ? "OK" : "FAIL");
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_str3, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	printf("Insert a record %s\n", ret == SQLITE_OK ? "OK" : "FAIL");

	//delete data
	char *sql_str4 = "DELETE FROM student WHERE id = 1002;";
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_str4, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	printf("Delete a record %s\n", ret == SQLITE_OK ? "OK" : "FAIL");
	
	//prepare statement(根据文档说明，优先使用sqlite3_prepare_v2())
	char *sql_str5 = "INSERT INTO student(id, name) VALUES(?,?);";
	char buf[256];
	sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql_str5, -1, &stmt, 0);
	for (int i = 10; i<20; i++){
		sprintf_s(buf, "HELLO#%i", i);
		sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, i);
		sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 2, buf, int(strlen(buf)), SQLITE_STATIC);
		sqlite3_step(stmt);
		sqlite3_reset(stmt);
	}
	sqlite3_finalize(stmt);

	//select data
	char *sql_str6 = "SELECT * FROM student LIMIT 5;";
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_str6, print_record, NULL, &errmsg);
	if (ret != SQLITE_OK){
		fprintf(stderr, "query SQL error: %s\n", errmsg);
	}

	//update data
	char *sql_str7 = "UPDATE student set name='MESSAGE#10' WHERE id=10;";
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_str7, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	if (ret != SQLITE_OK){
		fprintf(stderr, "update failure: %s\n", errmsg);
	}

	//select table
	char *sql_str8 = "SELECT * FROM student;";
	ret = sqlite3_get_table(db, sql_str8, &dbresult, &nrow, &ncolumn, &errmsg);
	if (ret == SQLITE_OK){
		printf("query %i records.\n", nrow);
		index = ncolumn;
		for (int i = 0; i<nrow; i++){
			printf("[%2i]", i);
			for (int j = 0; j<ncolumn; j++){
				//printf(" %s", dbresult[index]);
				UTF82GBK(dbresult[index], buf, 256);
				printf(" %s", buf);
				index++;
			}
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
	else{
		fprintf(stderr, "query with get_table error: %s\n", errmsg);
	}
	sqlite3_free_table(dbresult);


	//delete table
	char *sql_str9 = "DELETE FROM student;";
	ret = sqlite3_exec(db, sql_str9, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	if (ret == SQLITE_OK){
		printf("delete records: %i\n", sqlite3_changes(db));
	}

	sqlite3_free(errmsg);

	//close database
	sqlite3_close(db);
	printf("Close database\n");

	return 0;
}

int print_record(void *params, int n_column, char **column_value, char **column_name){
	int i;
	char buf[256];
	for (i = 0; i<n_column; i++){
		//printf("\t%s", column_value[i]);
		UTF82GBK(column_value[i], buf, 256);
		printf("\t%s", buf);
	}
	printf("\n");
	return 0;
}

#if _MSC_VER >= 1600
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#endif